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[vehicle horns honking,
siren blaring]

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[music]

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Ari Wallach: The most important
thing for any human being

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is to be with
other human beings.

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We are not solitary creatures.

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We are not
individuals in the way

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that we think of it
or the stories that we tell.

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Evidence shows us that we
have been traveling and moving

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in groups as far back
as we can actually find

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skeletons and bones in caves.

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Humans feel the most
in themselves, the most happy,

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the most joyful when they're

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actually in large groups
together.

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We're all kind of
focused and aligned.

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We're actually
having a sense of awe

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at whatever is happening.

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We find that when people are
at certain events together,

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that eventually their hearts are
actually beating in unison.

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What we are meant to be
is to be in groups together.

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It's who and what we are.

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Drake: ♪ Listen ♪

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♪ Seeing you got ritualistic ♪

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♪ Cleansing my soul
of addiction for now ♪

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♪ 'Cause I'm falling apart ♪

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♪ Yeah, tension

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♪ Between us
just like picket fences ♪

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♪ You got issues that
I won't mention for now ♪

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♪ 'Cause we're falling apart ♪

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♪ Passionate from miles away

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♪ Passive
with the things you say ♪

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♪ Passing up on my old ways ♪

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♪ I can't blame you, no, no ♪

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[music]

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Wallach: So there's
two things that Homo sapiens do

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fundamentally better
than almost any other species

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on Planet Earth.

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It's to work together,
to cooperate,

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and also a sense of prospection,

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actually,
to think about the future.

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And those are
inextricably linked.

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As my journey continues,
everywhere I go,

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I'm struck by how similar
we all really are.

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We want to connect, to belong,
and to see ourselves

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as a part of a team or a tribe.

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Why is this sense of
togetherness so central

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to who we are,
and what does it mean

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in a moment when
that's often not reflected

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in the world around us?

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How can we build on
the best parts of who we are

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in order to create
the future we want to see

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and leave behind?

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That's led me to Japan,
headed out to a small island

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I've read about for years.

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Coming here
is a dream come true,

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as this quiet, distant place is

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home to a troupe of
world-renowned drummers,

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who've always struck me
as a beautiful picture

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of what's possible
when individuals come together

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to create something they could
never achieve on their own.

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[people vocalizing]

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♪

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[scraping and clanking]

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Leo Ikenaga:
My name is Leo Ikenaga,

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and I'm a performer for Kodo.

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Kodo is a Japanese
drumming ensemble.

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Japanese drumming
is called taiko.

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And we are a group
that uses the taiko,

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but we try to incorporate
different traditional,

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cultural elements
that are native to Japan.

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And we try to kind of create
something new out of it.

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We travel all over the world

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and perform and work with
a lot of different artists.

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And we're just trying
to create something new

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from this Japanese tradition.

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♪

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Wallach: What does it take
for someone to join Kodo?

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So, to join Kodo, you
first have to complete

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a two-year apprenticeship.

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And then you become
a junior member,

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and then you become
a full-time member.

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And the two-year
apprenticeship is

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a very, very rigorous
process.

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You're living

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in an abandoned
70-year-old middle school

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with 15 to 20 other people.

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You have no privacy.

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You have no phones,
no TV, no Internet.

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And you wake up
at 5:00 in the morning.

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You run every day.
You plant your own rice.

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You harvest your own food,
and then you practice all day.

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And you do that
for two years.

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So it's
a pretty crazy process,

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but it's a great opportunity

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to get in touch with
yourself,

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because you're constantly
under pressure

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and you're constantly
under stress.

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Right now there are
about 15 apprentices.

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Maybe one or two will
make it into the troupe,

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so it's very,
very selective.

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But the beautiful thing
is, these apprentices,

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even though maybe one or
two make it into the group,

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they have to work together.

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They have to cook
for each other.

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They have to perform
with each other,

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because we're never looking
at them individually.

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We're evaluating them

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based on how well
they work with others,

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how much they
improve others.

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It's hard to see that when
you're in the apprenticeship,

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but once you become
a member, it's very apparent,

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because, you know,
when we're performing,

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you have to be in sync with
everyone without a conductor.

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So these apprentices,
they're constantly

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fighting and competing
with each other.

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But at the same time,
they have to be,

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like, very, very close-knit
with each other.

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So it's difficult,

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but a very, very
rewarding journey.

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Wallach: What's possible
when you move

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from being kind of
a solo player

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to being an ensemble?

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What is it that
you're able to do

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that you couldn't
do alone?

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Ikenaga: You're able to
create something that you

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could never do by yourself.

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You are able to put
yourself into a situation

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where you strive
to be better

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and you strive
to make others better.

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And it's this process that
we go through every day.

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It's really hard
to do that alone.

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It's possible.

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But when you have
someone next to you

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that's drumming
their heart out

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and they're doing the best
that they can

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and they're
doing it every day,

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you want to be
like that person.

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Yeah, it's
pretty incredible.

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♪

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Wallach, voice-over: Being here
and experiencing

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how the drummers live
and work together is moving.

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And it makes me wonder
just how much we've lost

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in the pursuit of seeing
ourselves as individuals

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above all else.

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In a time when distrust
feels more common than trust,

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what kind of
collective price are we paying?

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And what type of
futures are waiting

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on the other side of us coming
to see ourselves as connected,

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not alone?

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Man: We are the only species
in the animal kingdom

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with the ability to blush,

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which is, I think,
a telling fact.

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We involuntarily give
away our feelings

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to other members of our species
in order to establish trust.

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We are the only species
among primates

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with white eyes, right?

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So that means people can see--

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I'm looking in the camera
right now.

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If I was a chimpanzee,

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that would have been much more
difficult.

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I'm looking to the left.
Now I'm looking to the right.

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So I'm involuntarily giving
away my gaze,

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which, again,
helps to establish trust.

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So it's in our biology.

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It's in our DNA that
we've been optimized for trust.

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You want to feel like the
social system of which you're

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a member and a participant
has something

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legitimate, fair,
desirable, good,

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something worthy about it.

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We want to feel like
our sports team is

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better than
the other sports teams.

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We want to feel our town or
our city is better than others

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or our university or college
is better than others.

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It could also be
a racial or ethnic group

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or other kinds of social groups.

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That's where
the tribalism comes in.

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Rutger Bregman:
We have created systems

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that increase the distance

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between people, right,
increases the distance between

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people on the work floor
and the managers,

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between the citizens
and the politicians.

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The longer the distance becomes,

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both physical distance
and psychological distance,

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the more difficult
it becomes to trust one another.

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So that's what we have.

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We have a deepening
crisis of trust.

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Person:
Listen, why must we divide?

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Why are we dividing people?

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[indistinct shouting]

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[both speaking Georgian]

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You're completely
destroying our city!

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You come down--

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Reporter:
Things got so heated that

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the board members
eventually walked out,

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leaving the police
to deal with the unruly crowd.

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Different person:
I was so disgusted, like,

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that people
would do this.

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People: Close the border!
Close the border!

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Close the border!

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...for 20 years.

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You're just screaming...

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I was screaming...

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Come on.
No one's giving me free food.

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No one's giving me
free housing.

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We do a tax--
I need order.

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Right?
This is what everyone does.

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[overlapping chatter]

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Woman: OK. Time-out. Time-out.

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[chatter continues]

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[people chanting indistinctly]

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Wallach: We've always
had disagreements,

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but something more serious is
happening here.

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The ideas and institutions
that govern our societies--

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long taken for granted--
have begun being challenged

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in new and unsettling ways.

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Here at Stanford University,
Alice Siu

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is working with her team at
the Deliberative Democracy Lab

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to better understand
where we are right now

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and what we can do to create
lasting change moving forward.

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What is the state
of democracy today?

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Many will say
democracy is in crisis.

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A lot of democracies around
the world are backsliding,

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and we have trouble
trying to figure out

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what a lot of people
actually want,

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what kind of system
of government

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people want to live in.

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But I think, as of today,
a lot of people

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are concerned about whether
their voices are being heard

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and if people are
really representing

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their likes and dislikes.

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Wallach: But Alice also sees
an opportunity here,

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a chance
for new and needed ideas

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around how to improve
our democracies

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in order to better
face the future

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and engage directly
with the citizens they serve.

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A growing set of ideas known
as deliberative democracy

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are beginning to take hold in
countries around the world...

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like here in France,
where they've started holding

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citizen conventions--forums
designed to better engage

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their citizens in addressing

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the major challenges
and opportunities before them.

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Wallach: So how did this
all first come about

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here in France?

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Look, I mean, first, we had
this yellow vest crisis

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in France,

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a crisis of
working classes in France.

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You have a lot of
fears and anxieties,

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climate change,
digitalization, geopolitics.

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And a lot of people in
small cities and so on

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having this feeling not to
be respected by our policies,

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not to have a place anymore
in this world,

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and not to be prepared
for this change.

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So I made this tour,

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and I launched a series
of citizen conventions.

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On a random basis, you
take 100, 200 citizens

255
00:13:05,333 --> 00:13:07,333
and you formulate a question.

256
00:13:07,333 --> 00:13:09,500
You put them in
a situation to have

257
00:13:09,500 --> 00:13:13,166
a lot of interactions
with experts.

258
00:13:13,166 --> 00:13:15,666
They propose a solution,

259
00:13:15,666 --> 00:13:19,166
which is based on a consensus
and collective intelligence

260
00:13:19,166 --> 00:13:22,500
and ability to understand
the complexity of the problem.

261
00:13:22,500 --> 00:13:24,500
So I did it on climate change.

262
00:13:24,500 --> 00:13:26,500
It worked because we passed
a law after that

263
00:13:26,500 --> 00:13:28,833
largely inspired
by the citizen convention,

264
00:13:28,833 --> 00:13:32,333
and the feedback
was very positive.

265
00:13:32,333 --> 00:13:34,333
They learned.

266
00:13:34,333 --> 00:13:37,666
They were very committed,
but they respected each other.

267
00:13:37,666 --> 00:13:41,166
But for me, this is
a constant work in progress

268
00:13:41,166 --> 00:13:43,500
because it's never perfect.

269
00:13:43,500 --> 00:13:44,633
But where
I'm really optimistic

270
00:13:44,633 --> 00:13:48,833
is that you can have emotions,
positive and negative,

271
00:13:48,833 --> 00:13:51,800
and argumentation
and rational discussion

272
00:13:51,800 --> 00:13:53,500
to be merged together

273
00:13:53,500 --> 00:13:55,333
regarding
our collective future.

274
00:13:55,333 --> 00:13:57,333
Wallach, voice-over: Back
in the U.S., Alice and her team

275
00:13:57,333 --> 00:13:59,700
have pioneered something
with similar ideas in mind.

276
00:13:59,900 --> 00:14:01,400
Wallach: Your team
put together an event

277
00:14:01,400 --> 00:14:02,733
called
America in One Room.

278
00:14:02,733 --> 00:14:04,100
What was that?

279
00:14:04,100 --> 00:14:08,266
It was a four-day-long
deliberative poll,

280
00:14:08,266 --> 00:14:11,733
where we gathered a nationally
representative sample.

281
00:14:11,733 --> 00:14:13,566
We flew them in
to Dallas, Texas,

282
00:14:13,566 --> 00:14:15,233
from across the country.

283
00:14:15,233 --> 00:14:20,233
There were 523 people that
came from all walks of life,

284
00:14:20,233 --> 00:14:23,400
and they gathered
together in small groups.

285
00:14:23,400 --> 00:14:26,566
They deliberated
about immigration,

286
00:14:26,566 --> 00:14:28,400
economy, foreign policy.

287
00:14:28,400 --> 00:14:31,566
And for four days,
they discussed

288
00:14:31,566 --> 00:14:33,733
in their small groups
about these topics,

289
00:14:33,733 --> 00:14:35,566
and then they had
panels of experts.

290
00:14:35,566 --> 00:14:39,066
And, actually, five
then-presidential candidates

291
00:14:39,066 --> 00:14:40,400
answer their questions.

292
00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:43,066
What we learned
from 500-plus people is

293
00:14:43,066 --> 00:14:47,066
that people can and will
change their minds

294
00:14:47,066 --> 00:14:50,233
after just four days of
being with each other.

295
00:14:50,233 --> 00:14:54,100
We learned that those that
may have had extreme positions

296
00:14:54,100 --> 00:14:58,100
on either side of the spectrum
actually moderated

297
00:14:58,100 --> 00:15:00,800
and became
closer to each other.

298
00:15:00,800 --> 00:15:03,500
We learned that after
deliberation together,

299
00:15:03,500 --> 00:15:05,466
they liked each other more.

300
00:15:05,466 --> 00:15:07,466
They came to understand

301
00:15:07,466 --> 00:15:12,300
why the other
person held certain views.

302
00:15:12,300 --> 00:15:15,166
President Macron: I think,
especially on a local basis,

303
00:15:15,166 --> 00:15:17,800
we have to find a way
to involve citizens,

304
00:15:17,800 --> 00:15:20,333
make them much more
player of the game

305
00:15:20,333 --> 00:15:22,633
and doer of
our democracies.

306
00:15:22,633 --> 00:15:25,466
Wallach: Paint a picture
for me of the democracy

307
00:15:25,466 --> 00:15:27,633
that you want to see.

308
00:15:27,633 --> 00:15:30,166
We don't have
to live like this today.

309
00:15:30,166 --> 00:15:34,633
We can change it now, and we
can have those conversations

310
00:15:34,633 --> 00:15:36,166
that build empathy.

311
00:15:36,166 --> 00:15:37,800
We can have those
structured conversations.

312
00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:40,166
We can build those skills.

313
00:15:40,166 --> 00:15:43,466
And if we just start
somewhere and not wait,

314
00:15:43,466 --> 00:15:45,800
then we can really
get to that future

315
00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:48,800
where everyone actually
listens to each other

316
00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:51,300
and our democracy
is held together

317
00:15:51,300 --> 00:15:54,166
by everyone that's involved.

318
00:15:54,166 --> 00:15:56,800
[applause]

319
00:15:56,800 --> 00:15:59,166
Man: It's the organization
of humanity,

320
00:15:59,166 --> 00:16:02,066
the self-organization
of humanity

321
00:16:02,066 --> 00:16:05,100
which is the key change
that needs to happen.

322
00:16:05,100 --> 00:16:07,700
Now, we live in this
extraordinary situation

323
00:16:07,700 --> 00:16:09,833
where a tiny number
of people,

324
00:16:09,833 --> 00:16:12,066
which calls itself
a government,

325
00:16:12,066 --> 00:16:13,833
claims
to be able to control

326
00:16:13,833 --> 00:16:18,366
this complex system that we
call society from the center.

327
00:16:18,366 --> 00:16:20,700
There is no complex system
on Earth

328
00:16:20,700 --> 00:16:23,200
that can be controlled
from the center.

329
00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:24,833
It can't possibly work.

330
00:16:24,833 --> 00:16:28,066
And yet at the same time, we
have this tremendous capacity

331
00:16:28,066 --> 00:16:32,066
for participatory,
for deliberative democracy,

332
00:16:32,066 --> 00:16:35,700
where we can come together
and make decisions together

333
00:16:35,700 --> 00:16:37,533
for the good of all.

334
00:16:37,533 --> 00:16:40,366
And where we've been
allowed to do this,

335
00:16:40,366 --> 00:16:44,533
if only on a small scale,
or a partial scale,

336
00:16:44,533 --> 00:16:46,833
the results have
been extraordinary.

337
00:16:46,833 --> 00:16:48,533
♪

338
00:16:48,533 --> 00:16:51,533
Rutger Bregman: I think it's
quite clear that we are living

339
00:16:51,533 --> 00:16:55,066
through probably
the most dangerous century

340
00:16:55,066 --> 00:16:57,100
in the history of our species.

341
00:16:57,100 --> 00:16:59,100
It could also be
the most prosperous century

342
00:16:59,100 --> 00:17:02,133
and the most exciting century
to be alive.

343
00:17:02,133 --> 00:17:05,166
What we need are people
who are willing and able

344
00:17:05,166 --> 00:17:07,133
to look forward to a future
that could be

345
00:17:07,133 --> 00:17:10,600
so, so much better than
the world we live in today.

346
00:17:12,100 --> 00:17:13,600
Wallach: In some ways right now,

347
00:17:13,600 --> 00:17:17,133
that can feel naive,
even impossible.

348
00:17:17,133 --> 00:17:19,133
But this idea of
building on our desire

349
00:17:19,133 --> 00:17:22,133
for connection and cooperation
can begin anywhere.

350
00:17:22,133 --> 00:17:23,600
And that's what's led me
to Nashville,

351
00:17:23,600 --> 00:17:27,600
where Reverend Jennifer Bailey
is working to create

352
00:17:27,600 --> 00:17:29,133
new forms of community

353
00:17:29,133 --> 00:17:32,133
to reach across what feels
like a growing divide.

354
00:17:32,133 --> 00:17:34,100
It used to be, you know,

355
00:17:34,100 --> 00:17:36,066
we kind of find
some common ground.

356
00:17:36,066 --> 00:17:38,300
We kind of live together.
We broke bread together.

357
00:17:38,300 --> 00:17:40,100
Now it just seems
ripped apart.

358
00:17:40,100 --> 00:17:43,600
What do you attribute
that to?

359
00:17:43,600 --> 00:17:46,766
It's feeling--it feels
very strong right now.

360
00:17:46,766 --> 00:17:48,300
Yeah.

361
00:17:48,300 --> 00:17:50,266
People are experiencing,
in the U.S. context at least,

362
00:17:50,266 --> 00:17:53,266
higher rates of loneliness and
isolation than ever before.

363
00:17:53,266 --> 00:17:55,600
And where they find
community can often be

364
00:17:55,600 --> 00:17:57,433
in these online pockets,

365
00:17:57,433 --> 00:18:01,333
where they're getting
talked to by the same folks.

366
00:18:01,333 --> 00:18:03,366
And, see,
the world becomes--

367
00:18:03,366 --> 00:18:05,666
rather than becoming bigger
and having spaces

368
00:18:05,666 --> 00:18:08,800
where people can hear more
in the marketplace of ideas,

369
00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:11,166
it becomes
smaller and more rigid.

370
00:18:11,166 --> 00:18:13,833
And then you, like, make
the fool's errand

371
00:18:13,833 --> 00:18:15,833
of believing everybody
thinks like you.

372
00:18:15,833 --> 00:18:18,666
And the person who doesn't,
then, must be my enemy.

373
00:18:18,666 --> 00:18:20,333
Tell me about the work
that you're doing

374
00:18:20,333 --> 00:18:22,166
and how you kind of
got started in it.

375
00:18:22,166 --> 00:18:24,200
Yeah, so the People's Supper
was a project

376
00:18:24,200 --> 00:18:27,166
that I co-founded
with two friends

377
00:18:27,166 --> 00:18:30,166
after the 2016
U.S. presidential election.

378
00:18:30,166 --> 00:18:33,266
We wanted to create spaces
around dinner tables

379
00:18:33,266 --> 00:18:35,800
for people to begin
having conversations

380
00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:37,666
across lines of difference,

381
00:18:37,666 --> 00:18:39,833
whether that be political,
ideological, religious,

382
00:18:39,833 --> 00:18:41,666
racial difference.

383
00:18:41,666 --> 00:18:44,433
We've hosted thousands
of suppers around the country.

384
00:18:44,433 --> 00:18:47,533
And I think at the core
of those suppers

385
00:18:47,533 --> 00:18:51,433
and our time together
is really an ability

386
00:18:51,433 --> 00:18:54,600
for people to hear each other
and not just deeper speech,

387
00:18:54,600 --> 00:18:56,333
but deeper personhood,

388
00:18:56,333 --> 00:18:58,333
to be reminded of the fact

389
00:18:58,333 --> 00:19:00,433
that we are not
just how we vote

390
00:19:00,433 --> 00:19:03,233
or how we look, but that we
are a collection of stories

391
00:19:03,233 --> 00:19:05,400
and that our story
is not individual

392
00:19:05,400 --> 00:19:08,233
but the continuation
of other stories

393
00:19:08,233 --> 00:19:11,066
and prologue to the stories
that are to come,

394
00:19:11,066 --> 00:19:14,100
even if it's just
for one meal.

395
00:19:14,100 --> 00:19:17,066
Wallach, voice-over: While I was
in town, Jennifer invited me

396
00:19:17,066 --> 00:19:19,066
to one of these dinner parties,

397
00:19:19,066 --> 00:19:20,733
joining a small group
of people

398
00:19:20,733 --> 00:19:23,233
from various walks of life
and different backgrounds

399
00:19:23,233 --> 00:19:26,233
to sit down together
for a shared meal.

400
00:19:26,233 --> 00:19:29,000
[indistinct chatter]

401
00:19:32,066 --> 00:19:34,333
We're gonna have a fun
conversation tonight.

402
00:19:34,333 --> 00:19:36,233
I like to say
you all are joining,

403
00:19:36,233 --> 00:19:38,100
whether you knew it or not,
a movement of people

404
00:19:38,100 --> 00:19:39,766
who've been gathering
around the country

405
00:19:39,766 --> 00:19:43,266
over the past six years
almost.

406
00:19:43,266 --> 00:19:46,166
Well, just to toast you all,
thank you for being here.

407
00:19:46,166 --> 00:19:48,500
So grateful
for this time together.

408
00:19:48,500 --> 00:19:51,400
Wallach, voice-over: That night,
I experienced something

409
00:19:51,400 --> 00:19:53,266
so simple and yet profound.

410
00:19:53,266 --> 00:19:55,600
I witnessed a group of
strangers,

411
00:19:55,600 --> 00:19:58,100
who in some ways
have nothing in common,

412
00:19:58,100 --> 00:20:00,833
come to see the common
humanity they all share.

413
00:20:00,833 --> 00:20:03,433
Our past and our stories
are unique,

414
00:20:03,433 --> 00:20:05,666
and yet what we want to see
unfold in the future,

415
00:20:05,666 --> 00:20:08,233
for ourselves
and for those we love,

416
00:20:08,233 --> 00:20:12,233
is so much more alike than what
we often stop to consider.

417
00:20:12,233 --> 00:20:14,433
I really feel like we're
at a period of rebirthing

418
00:20:14,433 --> 00:20:16,100
and remaking the world.

419
00:20:16,100 --> 00:20:18,333
And we see that

420
00:20:18,333 --> 00:20:20,733
with the intensity
of the climate crisis.

421
00:20:20,733 --> 00:20:22,166
We see that

422
00:20:22,166 --> 00:20:24,733
with threats to the notion
of democracy globally.

423
00:20:24,733 --> 00:20:28,400
We're at a real inflection
point in global history.

424
00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:30,733
I find myself asking,

425
00:20:30,733 --> 00:20:34,066
What does it mean
to be human in the future?

426
00:20:34,066 --> 00:20:37,600
What are the things
that aren't replaceable?

427
00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:41,100
And care for one another
feels like something

428
00:20:41,100 --> 00:20:44,233
that we will never be
able to fully replace.

429
00:20:47,400 --> 00:20:50,233
Wallach: For tens of thousands
of years, even for centuries,

430
00:20:50,233 --> 00:20:52,400
we would live
kind of collectively

431
00:20:52,400 --> 00:20:55,100
in relatively dense
accommodation.

432
00:20:55,100 --> 00:20:57,733
Even just in
the past 150 years,

433
00:20:57,733 --> 00:21:00,100
many of us
began living in cities,

434
00:21:00,100 --> 00:21:01,466
but something happened,

435
00:21:01,466 --> 00:21:04,300
especially
in America after World War II.

436
00:21:04,300 --> 00:21:08,166
We had returning GIs and
a rapidly expanding population

437
00:21:08,166 --> 00:21:10,133
with not enough housing.

438
00:21:10,133 --> 00:21:11,800
A lot of these people

439
00:21:11,800 --> 00:21:13,466
needed to be close
to cities for jobs,

440
00:21:13,466 --> 00:21:16,133
and so the cities gave way
to surrounding suburbs.

441
00:21:16,133 --> 00:21:19,133
You and I live in a period
of tremendous growth

442
00:21:19,133 --> 00:21:20,800
with many problems.

443
00:21:20,800 --> 00:21:23,466
Across the United States,

444
00:21:23,466 --> 00:21:26,133
new homes are springing up
by the thousands

445
00:21:26,133 --> 00:21:28,133
for our rapidly growing
population.

446
00:21:28,133 --> 00:21:30,800
Modern shopping centers
satisfy most

447
00:21:30,800 --> 00:21:33,333
of the material needs of
suburban dwellers

448
00:21:33,333 --> 00:21:38,133
who no longer depend on
the city as a retail center.

449
00:21:38,133 --> 00:21:40,466
Wallach: Now, the suburbs
could only happen in America

450
00:21:40,466 --> 00:21:42,633
with the advent
of the vehicle.

451
00:21:42,633 --> 00:21:46,166
We needed vehicles to live in
these new kind of communities.

452
00:21:46,166 --> 00:21:48,166
And as they continued
to expand,

453
00:21:48,166 --> 00:21:50,800
the newly needed roads
did as well,

454
00:21:50,800 --> 00:21:52,633
in some cases paving roads

455
00:21:52,633 --> 00:21:55,300
right through the heart
of existing neighborhoods,

456
00:21:55,300 --> 00:21:58,300
separating what had been
thriving communities.

457
00:21:58,300 --> 00:22:01,366
American suburbs
were held up as a symbol

458
00:22:01,366 --> 00:22:03,366
of a thriving middle class,

459
00:22:03,366 --> 00:22:06,066
but they had a distancing
effect on people as well.

460
00:22:06,066 --> 00:22:08,200
Common areas
for human connection

461
00:22:08,200 --> 00:22:10,833
were replaced
by individual spaces

462
00:22:10,833 --> 00:22:14,066
and separated by greater
and greater distances.

463
00:22:14,066 --> 00:22:16,200
What ends up happening

464
00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:19,066
is a sense of separation
between people

465
00:22:19,066 --> 00:22:22,200
right in the midst
of their own communities.

466
00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:25,533
How does architecture,
how does urban planning,

467
00:22:25,533 --> 00:22:27,833
and how do the neighborhoods
we live in today

468
00:22:27,833 --> 00:22:31,066
impact how we relate
to each other?

469
00:22:38,366 --> 00:22:41,066
How can we build
futures where we design

470
00:22:41,066 --> 00:22:42,533
for more human connectedness?

471
00:22:42,533 --> 00:22:44,566
And is that
even possible in a moment

472
00:22:44,566 --> 00:22:49,066
that feels more deeply divided
than anything in our lifetimes?

473
00:22:49,066 --> 00:22:50,533
I came to Washington

474
00:22:50,533 --> 00:22:52,533
to sit down with the Secretary
of Transportation,

475
00:22:52,533 --> 00:22:53,833
Pete Buttigieg,

476
00:22:53,833 --> 00:22:56,733
someone who thinks a lot
about how we are shaping

477
00:22:56,733 --> 00:22:58,833
not only the social fabric

478
00:22:58,833 --> 00:23:01,433
but the actual infrastructure
of America.

479
00:23:01,433 --> 00:23:03,766
You're leading the Department
of Transportation.

480
00:23:03,766 --> 00:23:05,600
That's real infrastructure.

481
00:23:05,600 --> 00:23:08,433
It's bridges. It's tunnels.
It's airports. It's roads.

482
00:23:08,433 --> 00:23:11,100
That being said, what are
the takeaways to build

483
00:23:11,100 --> 00:23:13,433
other types of kind of
social infrastructure,

484
00:23:13,433 --> 00:23:16,433
in a sense more of that
human connective tissue?

485
00:23:16,433 --> 00:23:18,466
Well, there's
a very real relationship

486
00:23:18,466 --> 00:23:21,100
between how we connect
to each other physically

487
00:23:21,100 --> 00:23:22,600
through transportation

488
00:23:22,600 --> 00:23:24,766
and how we connect
to each other socially.

489
00:23:24,766 --> 00:23:27,433
Even in an era where we
are discovering

490
00:23:27,433 --> 00:23:30,600
remote and hybrid
and virtual interaction,

491
00:23:30,600 --> 00:23:32,766
we're also seeing
how important it can be

492
00:23:32,766 --> 00:23:34,266
to just be
around each other

493
00:23:34,266 --> 00:23:36,100
or to literally
walk the streets

494
00:23:36,100 --> 00:23:37,766
of one another's
communities,

495
00:23:37,766 --> 00:23:40,133
to travel and understand
through travel

496
00:23:40,133 --> 00:23:41,766
how other societies work.

497
00:23:41,766 --> 00:23:44,100
One finding that I think
is very powerful

498
00:23:44,100 --> 00:23:46,600
is when people get to
know each other better,

499
00:23:46,600 --> 00:23:49,133
they tend to trust
each other more, not less.

500
00:23:49,133 --> 00:23:51,266
It's 30 years from now,

501
00:23:51,266 --> 00:23:54,266
and you're talking to your
children about this era,

502
00:23:54,266 --> 00:23:56,133
this moment in human history.

503
00:23:56,133 --> 00:23:57,600
How do you describe it?

504
00:23:57,600 --> 00:24:00,133
Well, I'm gonna tell them
that this was a moment

505
00:24:00,133 --> 00:24:03,066
when a lot of changes
happened in our society,

506
00:24:03,066 --> 00:24:04,666
certainly in transportation,

507
00:24:04,666 --> 00:24:07,800
and those changes led to
their lives getting better.

508
00:24:07,800 --> 00:24:11,833
I think that we need to be
in a season of building,

509
00:24:11,833 --> 00:24:13,500
not just because
we have a backlog

510
00:24:13,500 --> 00:24:15,166
and there's a bunch of stuff
we should have been doing

511
00:24:15,166 --> 00:24:16,800
the whole time
but because the projects

512
00:24:16,800 --> 00:24:19,333
that are ahead
in this century--

513
00:24:19,333 --> 00:24:22,166
the big shared national
and human projects--

514
00:24:22,166 --> 00:24:24,333
like confronting
climate change,

515
00:24:24,333 --> 00:24:26,800
staying a step ahead
of the next pandemic,

516
00:24:26,800 --> 00:24:28,800
preventing
nuclear conflict--

517
00:24:28,800 --> 00:24:31,666
will require levels
of cooperation

518
00:24:31,666 --> 00:24:34,333
that, in turn, require

519
00:24:34,333 --> 00:24:36,800
a lot of good
infrastructure.

520
00:24:36,800 --> 00:24:39,700
Are we able to rebuild

521
00:24:39,700 --> 00:24:41,833
to that kind of golden era
of community

522
00:24:41,833 --> 00:24:43,500
that we once had?

523
00:24:43,500 --> 00:24:46,333
Yeah, I believe we can,
and I believe we must.

524
00:24:46,333 --> 00:24:48,166
This is not
just important

525
00:24:48,166 --> 00:24:51,166
because of some vague
and romantic conception

526
00:24:51,166 --> 00:24:54,500
of neighborhoods
and communities.

527
00:24:54,500 --> 00:24:56,833
It's also got
life-and-death consequences.

528
00:24:56,833 --> 00:24:58,333
There's evidence,
for example,

529
00:24:58,333 --> 00:25:01,233
that the survivability
of tornadoes--

530
00:25:01,233 --> 00:25:03,400
all other things
being equal--

531
00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:06,066
goes up in neighborhoods
or communities

532
00:25:06,066 --> 00:25:08,100
where neighbors
know each other.

533
00:25:08,100 --> 00:25:09,433
So a simple principle
or test,

534
00:25:09,433 --> 00:25:12,566
whether you're designing
a suburban subdivision

535
00:25:12,566 --> 00:25:14,400
or a dense city block,

536
00:25:14,400 --> 00:25:17,566
would be, Does
this design encourage

537
00:25:17,566 --> 00:25:19,233
or discourage people

538
00:25:19,233 --> 00:25:21,566
from knowing
who their neighbors are?

539
00:25:21,566 --> 00:25:24,066
I really believe in so many
of these dimensions--

540
00:25:24,066 --> 00:25:28,066
political, social,
even technological--

541
00:25:28,066 --> 00:25:31,100
our salvation
will come from the local.

542
00:25:31,100 --> 00:25:32,733
And we need processes

543
00:25:32,733 --> 00:25:36,233
that empower
local decision making.

544
00:25:36,233 --> 00:25:46,433
♪

545
00:25:46,433 --> 00:25:49,100
Wallach, voice-over: We spend
a lot of time these days

546
00:25:49,100 --> 00:25:51,066
separating ourselves
into groups

547
00:25:51,066 --> 00:25:53,100
based on ideas and identity.

548
00:25:53,100 --> 00:25:55,100
But I wanted to see
what's possible

549
00:25:55,100 --> 00:25:57,233
when a local community
decides to build together

550
00:25:57,233 --> 00:26:00,300
around a shared sense
of belief and belonging.

551
00:26:00,300 --> 00:26:03,166
In Amsterdam,
Marjan de Blok decided

552
00:26:03,166 --> 00:26:04,800
to do just that,
when she helped create

553
00:26:04,800 --> 00:26:08,300
a floating village right
here in the heart of the city.

554
00:26:08,300 --> 00:26:10,633
Wallach: Usually when I
show up to a village,

555
00:26:10,633 --> 00:26:12,300
I just take, like, a path,

556
00:26:12,300 --> 00:26:14,133
and I just, you know, start
walking among the homes.

557
00:26:14,133 --> 00:26:16,166
But here I
immediately walked

558
00:26:16,166 --> 00:26:17,633
onto a dock on the water.

559
00:26:17,633 --> 00:26:19,800
So tell me where we are.

560
00:26:19,800 --> 00:26:21,500
You are in the north
of Amsterdam

561
00:26:21,500 --> 00:26:23,333
in Johan van Hasseltkanaal.

562
00:26:23,333 --> 00:26:26,133
And I'm the founder
of this village

563
00:26:26,133 --> 00:26:28,166
that you are in right now.

564
00:26:28,166 --> 00:26:31,466
One school--one school
is here, very near...

565
00:26:31,466 --> 00:26:33,133
Marjan de Blok, voice-over:
So we have a big jetty

566
00:26:33,133 --> 00:26:34,800
connecting all the houses.

567
00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:37,166
There are actually
46 households living here.

568
00:26:37,166 --> 00:26:40,500
We are a community,
so we share a lot together.

569
00:26:40,500 --> 00:26:44,300
And we try to live
as sustainable as possible.

570
00:26:44,300 --> 00:26:46,300
All our houses
have solar panels.

571
00:26:46,300 --> 00:26:48,133
All our houses
have a heat pump.

572
00:26:48,133 --> 00:26:53,166
We have a green roof,
and all the houses are built

573
00:26:53,166 --> 00:26:55,166
with sustainable materials.

574
00:26:55,166 --> 00:26:58,166
All houses are
really well-insulated.

575
00:26:58,166 --> 00:27:01,533
And we have a smart grid,
which is quite special.

576
00:27:01,533 --> 00:27:03,400
By the smart grid,
we are all connected,

577
00:27:03,400 --> 00:27:05,066
so we can exchange

578
00:27:05,066 --> 00:27:07,833
the surpluses of
the energy we generated.

579
00:27:07,833 --> 00:27:10,200
And all the houses
have a battery.

580
00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:14,066
And in this battery,
we can also save energy

581
00:27:14,066 --> 00:27:16,066
that we don't need
at that moment.

582
00:27:16,066 --> 00:27:18,566
If one house generates
more electricity

583
00:27:18,566 --> 00:27:20,366
and another house
needs more electricity,

584
00:27:20,366 --> 00:27:21,833
you can share electricity
among the homes?

585
00:27:21,833 --> 00:27:24,100
Yeah.
That's how it goes.

586
00:27:24,100 --> 00:27:25,833
So what was the motivation

587
00:27:25,833 --> 00:27:28,200
for starting
a community like this?

588
00:27:28,200 --> 00:27:29,833
Well, it actually
started 15 years ago.

589
00:27:29,833 --> 00:27:32,533
At that time, I was living
in a small house in Amsterdam.

590
00:27:32,533 --> 00:27:34,366
I hardly knew my neighbors,

591
00:27:34,366 --> 00:27:36,700
and it was all really kind of
lonely and individualistic.

592
00:27:36,700 --> 00:27:38,533
And I just completely
fell in love

593
00:27:38,533 --> 00:27:42,066
with the concept of living
sustainable on the water,

594
00:27:42,066 --> 00:27:43,833
but also to live
a more social life,

595
00:27:43,833 --> 00:27:45,700
because that was something

596
00:27:45,700 --> 00:27:47,700
that I was really missing
at that time.

597
00:27:47,700 --> 00:27:50,200
I had this idea of
starting a group.

598
00:27:50,200 --> 00:27:51,833
Build a couple of
houseboats together,

599
00:27:51,833 --> 00:27:53,833
make them sustainable.

600
00:27:53,833 --> 00:27:57,700
And living on the water makes
you feel closer to nature.

601
00:27:57,700 --> 00:28:01,433
And the fact that you would
generate your own electricity

602
00:28:01,433 --> 00:28:04,266
gave me this really
great sense of freedom,

603
00:28:04,266 --> 00:28:06,100
a feeling that I would
never have

604
00:28:06,100 --> 00:28:08,433
in the house that
I was living in.

605
00:28:08,433 --> 00:28:12,300
[indistinct chatter]

606
00:28:12,300 --> 00:28:20,266
[music]

607
00:28:20,266 --> 00:28:22,133
Whoo.

608
00:28:22,133 --> 00:28:23,766
Wallach:
So tell me more about

609
00:28:23,766 --> 00:28:27,133
what it's like
living in community.

610
00:28:27,133 --> 00:28:29,100
De Blok: Yeah.
It's uncomparable.

611
00:28:29,100 --> 00:28:31,433
It's uncomparable.
It's a feeling...

612
00:28:31,433 --> 00:28:34,266
You are never alone.

613
00:28:34,266 --> 00:28:38,133
You have like-minded
people around you.

614
00:28:38,133 --> 00:28:42,133
If you have to do everything
by yourself, it's not fun.

615
00:28:42,133 --> 00:28:45,266
And so then
the community makes it nice

616
00:28:45,266 --> 00:28:49,133
to try all these new
sustainable technologies.

617
00:28:49,133 --> 00:28:52,133
So I really think that
the community is needed

618
00:28:52,133 --> 00:28:55,433
for a transition to
a more sustainable society.

619
00:28:55,433 --> 00:28:57,266
Hi.
Hello.

620
00:28:57,266 --> 00:28:59,766
De Blok, voice-over:
When I started this

621
00:28:59,766 --> 00:29:01,533
or when I had
this initial idea,

622
00:29:01,533 --> 00:29:04,333
I had no idea how important
it was, what we were doing.

623
00:29:04,333 --> 00:29:05,800
[indistinct chatter]

624
00:29:05,800 --> 00:29:08,800
And that it's also
about, what can you do,

625
00:29:08,800 --> 00:29:12,333
instead of what
you can't do or what is--

626
00:29:12,333 --> 00:29:13,833
you can't eat meat,

627
00:29:13,833 --> 00:29:15,666
you can't drive a car,
you can't fly.

628
00:29:15,666 --> 00:29:17,666
It's all, like, negative.

629
00:29:17,666 --> 00:29:20,500
And, of course, those things
are important to keep in mind

630
00:29:20,500 --> 00:29:22,166
and to adjust your behavior,

631
00:29:22,166 --> 00:29:24,800
but there's
also another side to it.

632
00:29:24,800 --> 00:29:27,666
And I think that's
the side that we touched

633
00:29:27,666 --> 00:29:29,833
and realized here
with this community,

634
00:29:29,833 --> 00:29:32,333
because it's all positive.

635
00:29:32,333 --> 00:29:35,666
It's all about connection--
connection to your neighbors

636
00:29:35,666 --> 00:29:37,800
but also connection
to your environment.

637
00:29:37,800 --> 00:29:39,833
If you are connected
to your environment,

638
00:29:39,833 --> 00:29:42,800
you will think twice
before polluting it.

639
00:29:42,800 --> 00:29:45,333
There's a lot of respect
for one another,

640
00:29:45,333 --> 00:29:47,333
and I think everybody
realizes that it's

641
00:29:47,333 --> 00:29:51,333
not just a jetty
with some houses.

642
00:29:51,333 --> 00:29:54,800
I feel that it's an organism
that is still growing,

643
00:29:54,800 --> 00:29:58,066
and it's almost
an organism in itself,

644
00:29:58,066 --> 00:30:00,833
like, a live thing.

645
00:30:00,833 --> 00:30:03,800
It's not just a project.

646
00:30:03,800 --> 00:30:05,800
And I think people
realize that.

647
00:30:05,800 --> 00:30:08,333
So they know it's special,
what we have.

648
00:30:08,333 --> 00:30:11,066
And that's a really
nice feeling

649
00:30:11,066 --> 00:30:12,800
if you have that
in your daily life.

650
00:30:12,800 --> 00:30:16,366
[both speaking Dutch]

651
00:30:16,366 --> 00:30:18,166
Wallach, voice-over:
It's so exciting to think about

652
00:30:18,166 --> 00:30:19,800
the futures we can create
when we design

653
00:30:19,800 --> 00:30:22,333
with human connectedness
in mind.

654
00:30:22,333 --> 00:30:25,833
Collaboration and cooperation
is how we got to this point,

655
00:30:25,833 --> 00:30:27,333
and it's
our only path forward.

656
00:30:27,333 --> 00:30:30,333
And yet, in so many ways
right now,

657
00:30:30,333 --> 00:30:32,366
it feels like we're
moving further away

658
00:30:32,366 --> 00:30:34,833
from these
primary human traits.

659
00:30:34,833 --> 00:30:36,800
Bregman: What makes us special?

660
00:30:36,800 --> 00:30:40,066
Why have we humans
conquered the globe?

661
00:30:40,066 --> 00:30:41,833
Why not the Neanderthals,
you know?

662
00:30:41,833 --> 00:30:43,800
The Neanderthals
were pretty smart as well.

663
00:30:43,800 --> 00:30:45,833
Actually, they had
bigger brains than us.

664
00:30:45,833 --> 00:30:47,500
Why not the bonobos?
Why not the chimpanzees?

665
00:30:47,500 --> 00:30:50,200
What distinguishes us
as a species?

666
00:30:50,200 --> 00:30:53,500
John Jost: All of us
are individuals.

667
00:30:53,500 --> 00:30:55,500
And we have
individual needs, wishes,

668
00:30:55,500 --> 00:30:56,800
wants, desires, and so on.

669
00:30:56,800 --> 00:30:59,533
But we also are
part of social groups

670
00:30:59,533 --> 00:31:01,566
that can mean a lot to us.

671
00:31:01,566 --> 00:31:04,766
Man: Being human
is this team sport,

672
00:31:04,766 --> 00:31:06,600
is this collective,
collaborative

673
00:31:06,600 --> 00:31:10,566
endeavor that we actually
have to bring ourselves to.

674
00:31:10,566 --> 00:31:14,066
This whole story of evolution,
that may the best man win--

675
00:31:14,066 --> 00:31:16,100
that's not
what Darwin was saying at all.

676
00:31:16,100 --> 00:31:18,400
Page after page,
what he's actually doing

677
00:31:18,400 --> 00:31:21,066
is marveling at
the way different species

678
00:31:21,066 --> 00:31:24,400
communicate and collaborate
for mutual survival.

679
00:31:24,400 --> 00:31:29,400
Bregman: There's a really
old idea that's deeply embedded

680
00:31:29,400 --> 00:31:32,233
in our culture
and in our history,

681
00:31:32,233 --> 00:31:37,100
which says that human beings
are fundamentally selfish.

682
00:31:37,100 --> 00:31:39,733
So what scientists
now believe is

683
00:31:39,733 --> 00:31:43,566
that the secret of our success
is not our intelligence,

684
00:31:43,566 --> 00:31:45,233
it's not our strength.

685
00:31:45,233 --> 00:31:47,733
No, it's our ability
to work together.

686
00:31:47,733 --> 00:31:49,733
It's our friendliness.

687
00:31:49,733 --> 00:31:53,400
So this is what they call
survival of the friendliest,

688
00:31:53,400 --> 00:31:57,733
and it's basically the secret
of our whole story.

689
00:32:00,466 --> 00:32:03,300
Wallach, voice-over: These ideas
matter more than ever

690
00:32:03,300 --> 00:32:05,133
because we have important,
unfinished things

691
00:32:05,133 --> 00:32:08,133
to do right now that we
can only do together.

692
00:32:08,133 --> 00:32:11,300
One of these things is
creating enough housing

693
00:32:11,300 --> 00:32:13,633
for everyone who needs it.

694
00:32:13,633 --> 00:32:16,800
In Austin, Melodie Yashar
and her team at ICON

695
00:32:16,800 --> 00:32:19,166
are working on ways
to meet this challenge

696
00:32:19,166 --> 00:32:21,466
by building 3-D-printed homes
that can be printed

697
00:32:21,466 --> 00:32:23,800
in a matter of weeks.

698
00:32:23,800 --> 00:32:26,133
OK, so tell me,
Where are we right now?

699
00:32:26,133 --> 00:32:27,800
We are in House Zero.

700
00:32:27,800 --> 00:32:32,133
House Zero is a project that
we both designed and built

701
00:32:32,133 --> 00:32:36,300
in collaboration with
the architect Lake Flato.

702
00:32:36,300 --> 00:32:38,466
And it is intended
to showcase

703
00:32:38,466 --> 00:32:40,466
what is possible
using 3D printing.

704
00:32:40,466 --> 00:32:43,166
It is a project
that we took on

705
00:32:43,166 --> 00:32:46,133
as a research-and-development
effort to show what's possible

706
00:32:46,133 --> 00:32:49,300
and to introduce
to the general public

707
00:32:49,300 --> 00:32:51,800
what it's like
to live on the inside

708
00:32:51,800 --> 00:32:54,133
and be on the inside
of a 3-D-printed home.

709
00:32:54,133 --> 00:32:56,166
Give me a sense
of the problem.

710
00:32:56,166 --> 00:32:58,800
Like, how many people are
we talking are unhoused

711
00:32:58,800 --> 00:33:01,200
in the U.S. and globally?

712
00:33:01,200 --> 00:33:03,533
Melodie Yashar: It's close
to a billion people,

713
00:33:03,533 --> 00:33:06,566
a billion homes that
we need to deliver

714
00:33:06,566 --> 00:33:08,700
to address
the global housing crisis.

715
00:33:08,700 --> 00:33:10,700
The way that we've
been building--

716
00:33:10,700 --> 00:33:13,700
using sticks and bricks
of the past, and steel--

717
00:33:13,700 --> 00:33:16,700
is just not getting
us there fast enough.

718
00:33:16,700 --> 00:33:18,700
And so, to really address

719
00:33:18,700 --> 00:33:21,833
and make a true impact
in this problem,

720
00:33:21,833 --> 00:33:24,833
automated technologies
can get us there.

721
00:33:24,833 --> 00:33:28,066
And 3-D printing, of course,
is one of them.

722
00:33:28,066 --> 00:33:31,066
Take me through what
actually happened here

723
00:33:31,066 --> 00:33:32,533
and in general, right?

724
00:33:32,533 --> 00:33:34,833
We'll start off
with a concrete slab.

725
00:33:34,833 --> 00:33:38,066
So you have level ground.
Now what happens?

726
00:33:38,066 --> 00:33:42,533
Yashar: Once a slab is poured,
we deploy our 3-D printer,

727
00:33:42,533 --> 00:33:46,533
which is a 9,600-pound
Gantry-based robot.

728
00:33:46,533 --> 00:33:50,200
We deploy it on rails
adjacent to that slab,

729
00:33:50,200 --> 00:33:53,200
so the Y rails run back
and forth and parallel

730
00:33:53,200 --> 00:33:55,066
to the slab.

731
00:33:55,066 --> 00:33:58,200
And then we have two towers,
as well as an X beam,

732
00:33:58,200 --> 00:34:00,266
that goes across
those towers,

733
00:34:00,266 --> 00:34:04,433
which essentially comprise
the overall Gantry system.

734
00:34:04,433 --> 00:34:06,800
We have
a material-handling system

735
00:34:06,800 --> 00:34:09,100
that travels
through a very long hose

736
00:34:09,100 --> 00:34:12,100
and gets deposited
at the nozzle of the printer.

737
00:34:12,100 --> 00:34:17,133
And layer by layer,
the structure is fabricated.

738
00:34:20,633 --> 00:34:23,700
Yashar: We are at
the Wolf Ranch development.

739
00:34:23,700 --> 00:34:26,266
This is a 100-home community.

740
00:34:26,266 --> 00:34:29,433
This represents the largest
3-D-printed community

741
00:34:29,433 --> 00:34:31,600
that we're aware of
in the world.

742
00:34:31,600 --> 00:34:34,600
And as you can see,
it's well underway.

743
00:34:34,600 --> 00:34:38,200
We have multiple printers
printing simultaneously,

744
00:34:38,200 --> 00:34:41,166
adjacent to slabs that
have been poured by Lennar.

745
00:34:41,166 --> 00:34:43,433
And we're delivering
the vertical-wall system,

746
00:34:43,433 --> 00:34:46,133
which is the 3-D-printed
walls of these houses.

747
00:34:46,133 --> 00:34:48,133
Wallach: And how long
does it usually take

748
00:34:48,133 --> 00:34:49,766
for one of these homes
to go up?

749
00:34:49,766 --> 00:34:52,133
Roughly, two weeks
on average,

750
00:34:52,133 --> 00:34:53,466
assuming that we have

751
00:34:53,466 --> 00:34:56,166
continuous
24-hour-a-day printing.

752
00:34:56,166 --> 00:34:58,100
But that's
essentially the idea,

753
00:34:58,100 --> 00:35:00,433
is that we deploy
the printer within a day,

754
00:35:00,433 --> 00:35:03,133
the printer prints
the home,

755
00:35:03,133 --> 00:35:05,333
and the home
is finished traditionally.

756
00:35:05,333 --> 00:35:07,166
You put on
a traditional roof.

757
00:35:07,166 --> 00:35:09,366
Your plumbing and all
of that--electrical--

758
00:35:09,366 --> 00:35:12,200
happens still traditionally.

759
00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:14,766
I also know in your bio,
you're an architect

760
00:35:14,766 --> 00:35:17,666
for both on-world
and off-world architecture.

761
00:35:17,666 --> 00:35:19,666
So the on-world I get.
We're here.

762
00:35:19,666 --> 00:35:22,333
Tell me more about
the off-world work.

763
00:35:22,333 --> 00:35:25,100
3-D printing is
a leading contender

764
00:35:25,100 --> 00:35:27,333
in in-space construction

765
00:35:27,333 --> 00:35:30,800
because the premise for
3-D printing in space is

766
00:35:30,800 --> 00:35:34,200
that we would use local
and indigenous materials

767
00:35:34,200 --> 00:35:36,500
on the surface of the planet

768
00:35:36,500 --> 00:35:39,366
rather than bringing
anything with us from Earth.

769
00:35:39,366 --> 00:35:43,133
That's a really
high-impact concept

770
00:35:43,133 --> 00:35:45,500
because it is
prohibitively expensive

771
00:35:45,500 --> 00:35:49,333
to launch heavy materials
from Earth to space.

772
00:35:49,333 --> 00:35:51,766
And it's not going to
enable us to create

773
00:35:51,766 --> 00:35:56,166
the kinds of infrastructure,
small cities, and settlements

774
00:35:56,166 --> 00:35:58,533
that we've seen
in science-fiction images

775
00:35:58,533 --> 00:36:00,400
for decades in the past.

776
00:36:00,400 --> 00:36:02,400
So NASA is really interested,

777
00:36:02,400 --> 00:36:04,833
and other aerospace companies
are really interested,

778
00:36:04,833 --> 00:36:06,266
in this idea of using

779
00:36:06,266 --> 00:36:09,233
the soil that is local
to the moon and Mars

780
00:36:09,233 --> 00:36:13,233
and sending up a single
3D-printing robot

781
00:36:13,233 --> 00:36:16,100
that can leverage that soil
and those materials

782
00:36:16,100 --> 00:36:17,666
to 3-D print, really,

783
00:36:17,666 --> 00:36:21,100
any kind of infrastructure or
any kind of surface element

784
00:36:21,100 --> 00:36:24,066
that would be beneficial
to the crew.

785
00:36:25,033 --> 00:36:27,100
Wallach, voice-over:
The collaboration and innovation

786
00:36:27,100 --> 00:36:29,066
at work here is beautiful.

787
00:36:29,066 --> 00:36:31,233
And it's inspiring
to see how solving problems

788
00:36:31,233 --> 00:36:33,733
with creativity and concern
for the here and now

789
00:36:33,733 --> 00:36:37,233
is the same work as building
far-off futures as well.

790
00:36:37,233 --> 00:36:40,066
Narrator: Our story
is about you and me

791
00:36:40,066 --> 00:36:43,233
and why we are alike
in some ways

792
00:36:43,233 --> 00:36:47,033
and yet why each person
is different from every other.

793
00:36:49,066 --> 00:36:52,400
Bregman: Cynicism is
another word for laziness,

794
00:36:52,400 --> 00:36:54,833
because if things
are lost anyway,

795
00:36:54,833 --> 00:36:56,266
then you don't have
to do anything.

796
00:36:56,266 --> 00:36:58,800
You can just sit back
and, I don't know,

797
00:36:58,800 --> 00:37:02,300
make the best of
your own life, and that's it.

798
00:37:02,300 --> 00:37:03,833
If things are not lost,

799
00:37:03,833 --> 00:37:06,233
if we can do so much better
as a species,

800
00:37:06,233 --> 00:37:09,133
then that gives
you a certain responsibility.

801
00:37:09,133 --> 00:37:10,800
Douglas Rushkoff: If you want
to call human beings

802
00:37:10,800 --> 00:37:13,133
the most evolved species,
it's because we've evolved

803
00:37:13,133 --> 00:37:14,500
the most elaborate means

804
00:37:14,500 --> 00:37:16,400
of collaboration
and communication,

805
00:37:16,400 --> 00:37:18,666
letting us do stuff together.

806
00:37:18,666 --> 00:37:20,833
When you start
to understand that nature is

807
00:37:20,833 --> 00:37:23,166
a collaborative dance
of different things,

808
00:37:23,166 --> 00:37:26,166
you start to understand, Oh,
well, being human is that, too.

809
00:37:26,166 --> 00:37:27,666
We are not alone.

810
00:37:27,666 --> 00:37:31,233
We are in one big,
connected nervous system.

811
00:37:31,233 --> 00:37:35,166
Bregman: We become the stories
that we tell ourselves.

812
00:37:35,166 --> 00:37:37,800
What kind of society
are you gonna create?

813
00:37:37,800 --> 00:37:39,566
So, for example,

814
00:37:39,566 --> 00:37:43,466
I think we should get into
that problem-solving mind-set

815
00:37:43,466 --> 00:37:47,666
and think about, like, What
are the really big challenges

816
00:37:47,666 --> 00:37:49,800
that we face
as a species today,

817
00:37:49,800 --> 00:37:52,666
and what are the most
effective solutions?

818
00:37:57,133 --> 00:38:00,066
Wallach: I'm often asked
how new tools will enable us

819
00:38:00,066 --> 00:38:01,700
to solve these challenges,

820
00:38:01,700 --> 00:38:04,166
but the truth is
that all too often,

821
00:38:04,166 --> 00:38:06,200
what we lack are not
the technologies

822
00:38:06,200 --> 00:38:09,366
but, rather, the collective
will to act together

823
00:38:09,366 --> 00:38:11,366
on behalf of our
neighbors and communities

824
00:38:11,366 --> 00:38:13,200
rather than just ourselves.

825
00:38:13,200 --> 00:38:16,066
One of these challenges is
around food,

826
00:38:16,066 --> 00:38:18,300
a constant source of
unnecessary suffering

827
00:38:18,300 --> 00:38:19,833
all over the world,

828
00:38:19,833 --> 00:38:22,100
including right here
in this country,

829
00:38:22,100 --> 00:38:23,533
where a shocking amount of

830
00:38:23,533 --> 00:38:25,700
us are still hungry
and food insecure.

831
00:38:25,700 --> 00:38:29,100
In Upstate New York, a farmer
named Karen Washington

832
00:38:29,100 --> 00:38:31,533
has spent her life fighting
for a different future,

833
00:38:31,533 --> 00:38:34,533
one in which healthy,
affordable food for everyone

834
00:38:34,533 --> 00:38:37,066
is seen as
an essential human right.

835
00:38:37,066 --> 00:38:38,200
Wallach: Here we are--

836
00:38:38,200 --> 00:38:40,066
beautiful, kind of,
Upstate New York.

837
00:38:40,066 --> 00:38:42,400
Tell me,
did you grow up here?

838
00:38:42,400 --> 00:38:44,066
No.

839
00:38:44,066 --> 00:38:46,066
Believe it or not, I grew
up in the concrete jungle

840
00:38:46,066 --> 00:38:47,700
of New York City.

841
00:38:47,700 --> 00:38:49,366
As a matter of fact,
I grew up in the projects,

842
00:38:49,366 --> 00:38:51,366
Lower East Side,
so those were my roots.

843
00:38:51,366 --> 00:38:54,200
I started really growing
food back in the city,

844
00:38:54,200 --> 00:38:56,066
back in the 1980s.

845
00:38:56,066 --> 00:39:00,100
And then came a time where
my friends and I decided,

846
00:39:00,100 --> 00:39:02,266
Let's try something
bigger.

847
00:39:02,266 --> 00:39:06,266
And so we landed
here back in 2014.

848
00:39:06,266 --> 00:39:08,600
You're here
at Rise and Root Farm,

849
00:39:08,600 --> 00:39:11,266
which is in Chester,
New York, Orange County.

850
00:39:11,266 --> 00:39:14,433
We are in the Black Dirt
Region of Orange County.

851
00:39:14,433 --> 00:39:16,766
So what does that mean,
the Black Dirt Region?

852
00:39:16,766 --> 00:39:19,433
Well, if you look at soil,

853
00:39:19,433 --> 00:39:22,133
normally, it's between 1%,
maybe 2% of organic matter.

854
00:39:22,133 --> 00:39:23,466
But here, the soil is 40%.

855
00:39:23,466 --> 00:39:25,133
Wow.

856
00:39:25,133 --> 00:39:27,100
So GreenThumb is
the organization

857
00:39:27,100 --> 00:39:30,133
in New York City that runs
the community gardens.

858
00:39:30,133 --> 00:39:31,466
So we grow for them.

859
00:39:31,466 --> 00:39:34,100
There are over 400 community
gardens in New York City.

860
00:39:34,100 --> 00:39:37,766
And so we've been asked
the task

861
00:39:37,766 --> 00:39:39,433
of growing their starts.

862
00:39:39,433 --> 00:39:41,433
And so each
community garden will get

863
00:39:41,433 --> 00:39:45,100
a tray of flowers and herbs

864
00:39:45,100 --> 00:39:48,100
and a tray of vegetables.

865
00:39:48,100 --> 00:39:50,433
And so yesterday we did

866
00:39:50,433 --> 00:39:53,266
all the flowers and herbs.

867
00:39:53,266 --> 00:39:56,600
And today we're doing
all of the vegetables.

868
00:39:56,600 --> 00:39:59,100
Wallach, voice-over:
When they leave the farm,

869
00:39:59,100 --> 00:40:01,100
these plants are sent out
to community gardens

870
00:40:01,100 --> 00:40:02,833
across New York City that
are working

871
00:40:02,833 --> 00:40:04,766
to fight hunger and food poverty

872
00:40:04,766 --> 00:40:08,100
by equipping local communities
in underserved neighborhoods

873
00:40:08,100 --> 00:40:10,433
to grow their own food.

874
00:40:10,433 --> 00:40:15,133
Wallach: What's the role of
food in America today?

875
00:40:15,133 --> 00:40:18,266
I think it has
been co-opted.

876
00:40:18,266 --> 00:40:21,100
If you think of food,
food is the essence

877
00:40:21,100 --> 00:40:23,100
of nourishment
for human beings.

878
00:40:23,100 --> 00:40:25,766
But I think that has
now been made

879
00:40:25,766 --> 00:40:27,433
more of a profit
sort of thing.

880
00:40:27,433 --> 00:40:30,433
And it has divided
the human race

881
00:40:30,433 --> 00:40:32,433
for the haves
and have-nots.

882
00:40:32,433 --> 00:40:35,100
You know, people in
low-income neighborhoods

883
00:40:35,100 --> 00:40:36,700
have food that is cheap.

884
00:40:36,700 --> 00:40:39,266
It's processed food.
It's fast food, junk food.

885
00:40:39,266 --> 00:40:41,100
And people who
are more affluent have

886
00:40:41,100 --> 00:40:44,166
"healthy, organic foods."

887
00:40:44,166 --> 00:40:47,100
Back in the day,
it was the small farmers.

888
00:40:47,100 --> 00:40:48,766
It has been
industrialized.

889
00:40:48,766 --> 00:40:51,600
And so what happened is
that this sort of

890
00:40:51,600 --> 00:40:54,133
commercialization
of farmers

891
00:40:54,133 --> 00:40:56,600
started swallowing up
small farmers.

892
00:40:56,600 --> 00:40:59,100
The emphasis was
on that mighty dollar,

893
00:40:59,100 --> 00:41:00,800
you know,
on a capitalistic system

894
00:41:00,800 --> 00:41:04,500
to produce food
at a rate

895
00:41:04,500 --> 00:41:07,666
that we wind up
producing so much food

896
00:41:07,666 --> 00:41:09,333
and wasting so much food,

897
00:41:09,333 --> 00:41:10,800
yet that food is not
getting

898
00:41:10,800 --> 00:41:12,833
down to the people
that need it the most.

899
00:41:12,833 --> 00:41:14,500
Why is that?

900
00:41:14,500 --> 00:41:16,500
Why is it that just
the healthiest stuff

901
00:41:16,500 --> 00:41:17,800
goes to one group

902
00:41:17,800 --> 00:41:20,500
and the overly processed
goes to another group?

903
00:41:20,500 --> 00:41:22,166
I think for so long,

904
00:41:22,166 --> 00:41:23,500
we have been complacent
as a society.

905
00:41:23,500 --> 00:41:25,666
We have gone home
in our nice houses

906
00:41:25,666 --> 00:41:28,333
with our nice cars
and closed the door

907
00:41:28,333 --> 00:41:30,333
and said, you know,
"That's not my problem.

908
00:41:30,333 --> 00:41:32,166
That's someone else's
problem."

909
00:41:32,166 --> 00:41:34,066
Why, in the greatest
country in the world,

910
00:41:34,066 --> 00:41:36,166
where we grow enough food
and we waste enough food,

911
00:41:36,166 --> 00:41:37,666
yet that food is not
getting

912
00:41:37,666 --> 00:41:39,666
down to the people
that need it the most?

913
00:41:39,666 --> 00:41:40,833
Why is it it's based
on race,

914
00:41:40,833 --> 00:41:42,833
the color of your skin?

915
00:41:42,833 --> 00:41:44,500
Why is it based
on where you live?

916
00:41:44,500 --> 00:41:46,266
Why is it based on
how much money you have?

917
00:41:46,266 --> 00:41:48,266
And start having
those hard conversations

918
00:41:48,266 --> 00:41:49,833
that we don't have.

919
00:41:49,833 --> 00:41:52,600
Wallach, voice-over:
The challenges in food systems

920
00:41:52,600 --> 00:41:54,800
here and around the world
can easily feel insurmountable,

921
00:41:54,800 --> 00:41:56,800
but Karen's work reminds me that

922
00:41:56,800 --> 00:41:59,666
real, scalable,
and lasting change

923
00:41:59,666 --> 00:42:03,066
is going to
start in our own communities.

924
00:42:04,400 --> 00:42:06,733
Wallach:
What can it look like,

925
00:42:06,733 --> 00:42:09,400
from where we are right now
to where we want to be?

926
00:42:09,400 --> 00:42:11,233
Tell me, Where
do we want to be?

927
00:42:11,233 --> 00:42:13,066
Karen Washington: I think
where we want to be is

928
00:42:13,066 --> 00:42:16,066
that everybody,
everybody--

929
00:42:16,066 --> 00:42:17,733
and not only here
in the United States

930
00:42:17,733 --> 00:42:19,266
but globally--

931
00:42:19,266 --> 00:42:21,100
but everybody
has to understand

932
00:42:21,100 --> 00:42:24,400
that food, clean water,

933
00:42:24,400 --> 00:42:28,233
and shelter
are human rights.

934
00:42:28,233 --> 00:42:30,066
And we're not
there yet.

935
00:42:30,066 --> 00:42:32,400
Wallach, voice-over:
To create a future

936
00:42:32,400 --> 00:42:35,233
where all people have access to
good, nutritious food

937
00:42:35,233 --> 00:42:37,566
isn't just going to happen.

938
00:42:37,566 --> 00:42:40,100
Better futures are not
easy or inevitable.

939
00:42:40,100 --> 00:42:42,400
But together,
we can look around

940
00:42:42,400 --> 00:42:44,566
at the systems
across our societies

941
00:42:44,566 --> 00:42:47,100
and decide they are not
sufficient for the world

942
00:42:47,100 --> 00:42:48,766
we're building.

943
00:42:48,766 --> 00:42:52,733
That's the story of all progress
throughout our history--

944
00:42:52,733 --> 00:42:56,233
people coming together to
decide the injustices of today

945
00:42:56,233 --> 00:42:58,433
have no place
in our tomorrows.

946
00:43:00,300 --> 00:43:04,166
Jost: I think of history as
essentially two steps forward,

947
00:43:04,166 --> 00:43:05,633
one step back.

948
00:43:05,633 --> 00:43:07,466
Resistance to change is

949
00:43:07,466 --> 00:43:10,166
part of what it means to be
human, for better and worse.

950
00:43:10,166 --> 00:43:12,633
We grow up in a world,

951
00:43:12,633 --> 00:43:16,166
and we're socialized to see
the way things are

952
00:43:16,166 --> 00:43:18,300
as essentially
the way things should be.

953
00:43:18,300 --> 00:43:21,666
And most of the adults in
our lives are telling us this.

954
00:43:21,666 --> 00:43:24,800
Literally, our teachers,
our parents, and so on

955
00:43:24,800 --> 00:43:27,666
are all doing things
that make us experience

956
00:43:27,666 --> 00:43:31,166
the reality that we're
growing into as natural,

957
00:43:31,166 --> 00:43:32,633
perhaps even inevitable.

958
00:43:32,633 --> 00:43:35,633
We want to feel good
about the social, economic,

959
00:43:35,633 --> 00:43:38,166
political institutions
and arrangements

960
00:43:38,166 --> 00:43:41,466
on which we all depend for
our livelihoods, for our lives.

961
00:43:41,466 --> 00:43:45,300
And it's painful to
believe that you're living in

962
00:43:45,300 --> 00:43:49,633
and operating in
an unjust social system.

963
00:43:49,633 --> 00:43:52,300
Bregman: Every single milestone
of civilization

964
00:43:52,300 --> 00:43:54,333
that we are used to right now,

965
00:43:54,333 --> 00:43:57,466
whether it's democracy
or the welfare state

966
00:43:57,466 --> 00:44:00,200
or equal rights
for men and women,

967
00:44:00,200 --> 00:44:03,066
all these milestones
were fantasies once.

968
00:44:03,066 --> 00:44:07,833
It's ideas that really govern
and determine

969
00:44:07,833 --> 00:44:10,200
our trajectory as a species.

970
00:44:10,200 --> 00:44:13,533
And that idea in itself,
that progress is possible,

971
00:44:13,533 --> 00:44:16,833
is probably one of the most
powerful ideas we've ever had.

972
00:44:16,833 --> 00:44:20,033
[vehicle horns honking]

973
00:44:25,733 --> 00:44:29,366
Wallach: Being here, you see,
on the one hand,

974
00:44:29,366 --> 00:44:32,533
just kind of cutting-edge
infrastructure--

975
00:44:32,533 --> 00:44:36,533
high-speed rail--just things
that are just so amazing.

976
00:44:39,066 --> 00:44:40,700
And on the other hand,
you see folks

977
00:44:40,700 --> 00:44:43,833
who are carrying
drinking water on their heads

978
00:44:43,833 --> 00:44:45,533
back to their homes.

979
00:44:45,533 --> 00:44:47,066
They don't have indoor plumbing.

980
00:44:47,066 --> 00:44:49,066
And so when I think about,
What does it mean

981
00:44:49,066 --> 00:44:51,533
to live sustainably
and regeneratively,

982
00:44:51,533 --> 00:44:55,200
it can't just be
for the richest countries.

983
00:44:55,200 --> 00:44:58,700
We won't have the futures
we want for everyone

984
00:44:59,500 --> 00:45:03,266
until we can run basic
electrical lines into homes

985
00:45:03,266 --> 00:45:05,000
and allow for indoor plumbing.

986
00:45:05,433 --> 00:45:07,133
The project of moving forward

987
00:45:07,133 --> 00:45:10,600
to a more kind of sustainable
way of living on Planet Earth

988
00:45:10,600 --> 00:45:14,266
is going to require
electrification of everything

989
00:45:14,266 --> 00:45:16,133
for everyone.

990
00:45:16,600 --> 00:45:24,133
♪

991
00:45:25,100 --> 00:45:28,066
I'm here to visit a community
that made news around the world

992
00:45:28,066 --> 00:45:30,466
by becoming the first village
in India

993
00:45:30,466 --> 00:45:33,600
to become completely powered
by solar energy.

994
00:45:33,600 --> 00:45:35,266
Wallach: Thank you
for inviting me

995
00:45:35,266 --> 00:45:36,766
to your village today.

996
00:45:36,766 --> 00:45:38,766
So I thought we would
start by you letting me know,

997
00:45:38,766 --> 00:45:41,166
like, who you are
and what your role here

998
00:45:41,166 --> 00:45:42,466
is in the village.

999
00:45:42,466 --> 00:45:49,633
[speaking Hindi]

1000
00:45:51,600 --> 00:45:55,100
What is the kind of historical
and spiritual significance

1001
00:45:55,100 --> 00:45:57,700
of the sun here in India?

1002
00:45:59,100 --> 00:46:13,266
[speaking Hindi]

1003
00:46:15,666 --> 00:46:17,166
Wallach, voice-over:
Safir explained to me

1004
00:46:17,166 --> 00:46:18,833
how this new form of energy is

1005
00:46:18,833 --> 00:46:20,833
especially meaningful,
here in a place

1006
00:46:20,833 --> 00:46:23,666
with such a long,
rich history with the sun.

1007
00:46:24,133 --> 00:46:25,800
Wallach:
So what were the challenges

1008
00:46:25,800 --> 00:46:29,500
that you were facing
as a village that led you

1009
00:46:29,500 --> 00:46:32,200
to have to and want to take
on a project like this?

1010
00:46:32,500 --> 00:46:42,333
[Safirmiya Sumarmiya Sindhi
speaking Hindi]

1011
00:46:44,333 --> 00:46:45,833
Wallach:
How many panels are there

1012
00:46:45,833 --> 00:46:47,666
here in this entire village?

1013
00:46:48,500 --> 00:47:03,600
[Sindhi speaking Hindi]

1014
00:47:07,400 --> 00:47:10,266
Wallach: How does it feel
to see children playing

1015
00:47:10,266 --> 00:47:14,233
in a community that isn't
using dirty energy sources,

1016
00:47:14,233 --> 00:47:17,100
that's using the sun
to power, you know,

1017
00:47:17,100 --> 00:47:19,566
their homes and their schools
and their way of life?

1018
00:47:19,566 --> 00:47:21,066
What does that feel like?

1019
00:47:21,566 --> 00:47:45,066
[speaking Hindi]

1020
00:47:48,566 --> 00:47:52,566
Wallach: When you think
about the future of India

1021
00:47:52,566 --> 00:47:54,233
potentially moving
to all solar,

1022
00:47:54,233 --> 00:47:56,566
how do you feel being such
a kind of pioneer village

1023
00:47:56,566 --> 00:47:58,400
for the entire country?

1024
00:47:58,400 --> 00:48:07,466
[speaking Hindi]

1025
00:48:10,166 --> 00:48:13,133
Wallach, voice-over: Seeing
countries take very small steps,

1026
00:48:13,133 --> 00:48:15,466
like you see in
a very small village,

1027
00:48:15,466 --> 00:48:17,133
saying, "You know what?

1028
00:48:17,133 --> 00:48:18,666
"Here's how we're gonna
contribute to the solution.

1029
00:48:18,666 --> 00:48:20,166
"We're not gonna
wait for something

1030
00:48:20,166 --> 00:48:21,800
"to come from Brussels
or from Washington,

1031
00:48:21,800 --> 00:48:23,633
"even, necessarily,
just from Delhi.

1032
00:48:23,633 --> 00:48:25,800
We're gonna do
it here locally."

1033
00:48:25,800 --> 00:48:29,300
And, you know, they say
all politics are local.

1034
00:48:29,300 --> 00:48:32,133
All energy is local.
All everything is local.

1035
00:48:32,133 --> 00:48:34,133
Even a sense
of community, right?

1036
00:48:34,133 --> 00:48:38,166
We talk about the need for
there to be more community.

1037
00:48:38,166 --> 00:48:39,666
And it's sometimes
talked about

1038
00:48:39,666 --> 00:48:42,133
almost at a national
or a nation-state level.

1039
00:48:42,133 --> 00:48:45,133
But you come to a village like
this, and I walk the town.

1040
00:48:45,133 --> 00:48:46,633
And that's community.

1041
00:48:46,633 --> 00:48:48,133
That's how futures are made,

1042
00:48:48,133 --> 00:48:50,133
really, at this
much more ground level,

1043
00:48:50,133 --> 00:48:52,633
be it about how you're gonna
make your electricity

1044
00:48:52,633 --> 00:48:54,133
and how
you're gonna power your homes

1045
00:48:54,133 --> 00:48:55,633
or how you're just
gonna act as a community

1046
00:48:55,633 --> 00:48:57,300
towards one another.

1047
00:48:57,300 --> 00:49:00,166
And it's beautiful to see that
happening in a place

1048
00:49:00,166 --> 00:49:02,533
that, to be honest,
has been getting,

1049
00:49:02,533 --> 00:49:06,100
really, just the exhaust
from all these other countries

1050
00:49:06,100 --> 00:49:08,066
who have been contributing
to the problem.

1051
00:49:08,066 --> 00:49:10,733
They're actually showing us
another way forward.

1052
00:49:14,700 --> 00:49:18,733
Program host: What must we do as
active and informed citizens?

1053
00:49:19,633 --> 00:49:22,100
We must decide now,

1054
00:49:22,500 --> 00:49:24,733
for how well we live tomorrow

1055
00:49:25,033 --> 00:49:28,366
will depend
on the action we take today.

1056
00:49:30,366 --> 00:49:34,133
Jost: I do want people 50 years,
100 years, 200 years from now

1057
00:49:34,133 --> 00:49:36,533
to know that people were really
trying hard

1058
00:49:36,533 --> 00:49:39,700
to leave the world
in a better place for them.

1059
00:49:39,700 --> 00:49:42,066
And I don't know
whether it will succeed,

1060
00:49:42,066 --> 00:49:43,833
but we have to try.

1061
00:49:43,833 --> 00:49:47,066
Washington: In order for us
to look at the future,

1062
00:49:47,066 --> 00:49:48,700
you got to understand
the past.

1063
00:49:48,700 --> 00:49:50,833
I have real hope that
these young people

1064
00:49:50,833 --> 00:49:53,833
are looking for
a more just system.

1065
00:49:53,833 --> 00:49:55,700
Pete Buttigieg:
If we're not tapping

1066
00:49:55,700 --> 00:49:57,366
into shared humanity,

1067
00:49:57,366 --> 00:50:00,066
then we're not gonna be
finding the best answers.

1068
00:50:00,066 --> 00:50:01,700
The best answers
are the ones

1069
00:50:01,700 --> 00:50:03,700
that allow everybody
to prosper

1070
00:50:03,700 --> 00:50:06,366
and to succeed
and to belong.

1071
00:50:06,366 --> 00:50:08,366
Ikenaga: We all have
to have a common goal.

1072
00:50:08,366 --> 00:50:12,833
We all have to know what
the other person wants.

1073
00:50:12,833 --> 00:50:14,700
It's a collective
experience.

1074
00:50:14,700 --> 00:50:17,066
It's a state of mind.

1075
00:50:17,066 --> 00:50:20,200
Bailey: How can we take what
we see as some of the worst

1076
00:50:20,200 --> 00:50:24,700
of humanity's propensity
towards violence,

1077
00:50:24,700 --> 00:50:26,700
isolation, and exclusion

1078
00:50:26,700 --> 00:50:29,833
and transform that
into an opportunity

1079
00:50:29,833 --> 00:50:32,733
but also cast
a new way forward?

1080
00:50:32,733 --> 00:50:36,200
This distrust is hurting us
as a society.

1081
00:50:36,200 --> 00:50:40,366
Humans have evolved
to connect with one another.

1082
00:50:40,366 --> 00:50:43,066
We need to connect.
We need our friends.

1083
00:50:43,066 --> 00:50:45,200
We need our family members.
We need our coworkers.

1084
00:50:45,200 --> 00:50:47,366
We need the strangers
in the streets, right?

1085
00:50:47,366 --> 00:50:52,066
But if society keeps telling us
that we can't trust them,

1086
00:50:52,066 --> 00:50:53,366
that they're dangerous,

1087
00:50:53,366 --> 00:50:55,533
that we should be
wary of one another,

1088
00:50:55,533 --> 00:50:58,200
then that's tearing us apart.

1089
00:50:58,200 --> 00:51:00,433
De Blok: We are not
supposed to be alone.

1090
00:51:00,433 --> 00:51:02,133
You have to be connected,

1091
00:51:02,133 --> 00:51:04,266
and happiness
comes from connection.

1092
00:51:04,266 --> 00:51:08,100
People don't realize
that enough, I think.

1093
00:51:08,100 --> 00:51:14,633
♪

1094
00:51:14,633 --> 00:51:18,100
Wallach: I thought people would
want to talk about the future

1095
00:51:18,100 --> 00:51:21,100
through a kind of
almost individualized lens,

1096
00:51:21,100 --> 00:51:23,100
they would want to talk about

1097
00:51:23,100 --> 00:51:25,100
the careers
that they're gonna have

1098
00:51:25,100 --> 00:51:27,266
or they're worried
about artificial intelligence

1099
00:51:27,266 --> 00:51:30,600
is gonna come for their job
or for their children's job.

1100
00:51:30,600 --> 00:51:32,600
But what I keep hearing is

1101
00:51:32,600 --> 00:51:36,100
a desire
and a hope for community.

1102
00:51:36,100 --> 00:51:39,166
Everyone I'm speaking to,
when I ask them,

1103
00:51:39,166 --> 00:51:42,133
"What do you want the future
to look like,"

1104
00:51:42,133 --> 00:51:45,100
inevitably, the idea or
just the term of community

1105
00:51:45,100 --> 00:51:47,433
comes up--this idea
of human connection.

1106
00:51:47,433 --> 00:51:51,133
And sometimes it's more
deeply with their friends,

1107
00:51:51,133 --> 00:51:53,600
and sometimes it's more deeply
as a town or a village

1108
00:51:53,600 --> 00:51:55,100
or as a state

1109
00:51:55,100 --> 00:51:59,133
or, really,
just as a kind of human family,

1110
00:51:59,133 --> 00:52:01,533
you know, as almost something
post-nation-state,

1111
00:52:01,533 --> 00:52:03,333
something bigger.

1112
00:52:03,333 --> 00:52:08,833
And that's both been surprising
and unbelievably delightful.

1113
00:52:08,833 --> 00:52:11,800
As we move forward,
as we kind of rethink

1114
00:52:11,800 --> 00:52:14,833
these baseline assumptions
about how we order the world,

1115
00:52:14,833 --> 00:52:16,333
there can no longer be

1116
00:52:16,333 --> 00:52:19,333
an "I win, you lose" mind-set
or mentality.

1117
00:52:19,333 --> 00:52:22,800
No one flourishes
until everyone flourishes.

1118
00:52:22,800 --> 00:52:26,066
As we move forward, we
have an amazing opportunity

1119
00:52:26,066 --> 00:52:29,000
to do that for ourselves
and for our species.

1120
00:52:30,300 --> 00:52:55,933
♪

1121
00:52:55,933 --> 00:52:59,466
[laughter, excited chatter]